Emotional Intelligence Essay

The pursuit of knowledge through education entails the many manifestations and progressive procedure of one’s emotion. Human nature previously regarded intelligence as the primary component of learning and eventually as the main source of success. In the modern educational or learning setting, however, a person’s emotional intelligence is now supposed to be of equal authority and even better than intellect as far as its benefits are concern. Hence, based from its advantageous implications to the filed of education or teaching particularly in contemporary schools, emotional intelligence is not to be ignored as a vital requirement of education. The principle concerning the significant nature and value of emotional intelligence in today’s learning is depicted with various circumstances where one’s emotions play very notable part and effect. Considering a person’s varying feelings in response to different life events and realities, it can now be noted that the level of emotional aptitude of a person measures his strength and ability to handle a situation. Most importantly, an individual’s emotional intelligence determines the eventuality of failure and attainment of success. Thus, this is where emotional intelligence apparently matters more because it is able to provide people with success as compared with intelligence quotient. Nowadays, emotional intelligence is subjected to the requirements and challenges of the teaching field. Since people and the society have acknowledged the undeniable positive impacts of emotional intelligence to education, it is then just empirical to pursue further this concept. This is because an increased awareness and involvement by the people as regard the quality and implications of emotional intelligence will definitely work to the advantages of the majority of the population and the communities where they belong. Since learning is determined by how people manage their emotions, then it can be implied that one’s feeling is a factor in determining success or that it can even be considered as a tool to improve education among students. It is, in fact, essential to assist students identify how their respective emotional intelligence will lead them to success or not. Lastly, it is also fortunate that considerable fresh perspectives about how the intellect creates human emotions were already realized. This is for the reason that the brain now creates ways on how emotional intelligence influences, affects and works to the benefit of student’s education. â€Å"Emotional Intelligence† Book, an Overview The above-mentioned hypothesis was clearly illustrated in the 1995 book of Daniel Goleman entitled â€Å"Emotional Intelligence: Why It Can Matter More Than IQ. † The author provided the public with apparently compelling proofs that the emotional intelligence quotient or a student’s level of emotional intelligence is equally valuable in achieving educational success as what cognitive intelligence, as gauged by IQ or SAT percentages, provide (Goleman, 1995). The book opened with an account of how brain functions in relation to one’s emotions. Thereafter in the middle part of the book, Goleman supplemented the rationale behind how to wisely handle emotion and eventually revealed the benefits derived from such thereby proving that it has more substance than IQ. In conclusion, Golemen provided the public with true-to-life manifestations which established the value of emotional intelligence as it performs a more fundamental function in human’s search and eventual attainment of success (Goleman, 1995). Intelligence quotient was previously regarded as the major deciding factor in one’s accomplishment. In the book, this was disputed by Goleman who stated that human’s perspective on IQ is, in fact, a distant and slender version of reality. The book instead stressed the principle of emotional intelligence as the ultimate determinant of a person’s success. Goleman discussed emotional intelligence based from the aspects of one’s consciousness, selflessness, motivation, understanding as well as power to offer love and other endearing emotions while at the same time being loved by people around him (Goleman, 1995). Additionally, the book presented various incidents which proved how people, who exemplified high levels of emotional intelligence and who nurtured their existing emotional strengths, were able to achieve success in their respective areas. In Goleman’s view, emotional intelligence is not inherited or already innate at birth but it can be developed as person matures and its benefits are eventually attained (Goleman, 1995). Focusing on the field of education, the entire book evidently centered its discussion on the emotional intelligence among the students of the young generation. It is at this point that Golemen called on educators and other concerned people in the area of learning to clearly explain to students the nature of emotional intelligence and its evidently positive implications as far as the education of the young ones (Goleman, 1995). In imparting the value of a student’s emotional literacy, the Goleman book also requested the parents to pay attention to the emotional necessities of their children. Adults, on the other hand, need to immediately educate themselves to deal with their respective interpersonal affiliations in a wise manner. Ultimately, the book heightened the beneficial implications of emotional intelligence in the field of education as manifested by the accounts of success which were attributed to the said Goleman concept (Goleman, 1995). â€Å"Emotional Intelligence,† a Critical Analysis The Goleman book is worthy to be examined by presenting the worth or impacts of emotional intelligence as it is compared with IQ and applied in the several stages of human development. Initially based from the characteristic of the human brain, the principle of emotional intelligence as provided by the book concretely challenged that one’s intellect is subjected to limitations. The said position of the book has a sense because in reality, a person is considered intelligent and has a well-defined logic or reasoning aptitude yet this does not holds true as far as decision-making is concern. The book is to be commended with the said stand that the worth of the human brain should not be the determining factor of aptitude but rather one’s emotional intelligence which provides the logic behind every decision. In short, this position is best explained wherein people experience various situations and promptly decide by conforming to what their emotions dictate or simply based from how they feel at the moment and definitely not according to what their mind think. The book specifically illustrated the said position with its initial discussion about the complicated system of the human brain. In particular, the portions of the book where a person’s reaction to a snake as well as the presentations made by Goleman concerning several subject matters such as depression, nervousness, post-traumatic stress disorder or PTSD, drug dependency and misuse, teenage pregnancy and issues on human relationships are all corroborating facts which confirm the principle that emotional intelligence really matters more than IQ (Goleman 1995). While Goleman was criticized for his apparent inclination towards the promotion of emotional intelligence only among children, he is nonetheless acclaimed for such effort. This is because the book has, in fact, succeeded in imparting the beneficial implications of emotional intelligence especially in the field of education of the young students. In particular, the author is to be credited for his suggestion about several procedures of how to improve the emotional intelligence of children, which he proposed to be done from their schools into their respective homes. Hence, the author is correct with his observation that children particularly students turn out to manifest an increased degree of depression, sadness, hostility and rowdiness as they mature or are provided with more academic information. The book is logical when it attributed the said blunders to children’s limited or even lack of emotional intelligence. The pieces of evidence provided by the book regarding the effects of emotional instability among children need to be concurred by the public. This is because an aggravated level of emotional predicament is possible if the issue is not immediately addressed, if not solved. Emotional intelligence as the book implied, on the other hand, is of similar benefit to the adults. That is why the criticisms, which the book got for it reportedly fell short in discussing emotional intelligence among adults, are not justified. In fact, Goleman has comprehensively discussed the importance of adult’s emotional aptitude and stability because it is perceived that logic or the appropriate level of reasoning of an adult is adequately needed for human relationships. The book is truthful with its revelation that an adult is required to be stable with his emotional intelligence in order to achieve well-accepted interpersonal relations with others. This position was appropriately supported with portions of the book which explained the reason behind the emotions’ creation of several reactions and how an adult gets used to such incidents. In particular, a reader may even feel that Goleman is directly addressing the issues by providing his personal insights about life realities which require the application of emotional intelligence. Other issues discussed by the book are of equal significance in the author’s efforts to explain the value of emotional intelligence in adult’s life. Goleman was rational when he wrote that emotional urges usually surpass the procedure of applying logical thinking. This is primarily what his principle of emotional intelligence suggests. That is, in specific incidents in human life, a person is likely to respond in a way what his emotions dictate as correct reaction rather than what the mind implies to assume and reason out. Simply put, emotional desires supersede the course of logical and coherent thinking. While the public apparently regarded that the book resulted into an unusual debate when it stated that emotional intelligence has a higher percentage of status and applicability than IQ, Goleman should not be totally blamed for neglecting the value of academic abilities. This is because his emotional intelligence principle was in accordance to what the results of his studies implied as well as what his observations suggested. Although the disapproval against the Goleman book may have its justification, it is still fair to note that the author did not totally set aside the worth of IQ or intellectual capabilities in general. What Goleman just did was to destroy the incorrect declarations of IQ testing that it is the ultimate determining factor of success and one’s proficiency. Goleman, through the book, just put the issue in its right perspective. When Goleman claimed that emotional intelligence possess around 80 percent while IQ only has 20 percent as their respective contribution to one’s success, what he really tried to impart is that the said due significance of the two elements was based from what people portray as they respond to life eventualities. Based from the accumulated facts by the author, the book was able to illustrate a more transparent image when a person has to react to an incident wherein, while human both considers both his mind and feeling, he is still inclined to decide over a situation based from what he feels and this is where emotional intelligence sets in. The book was also justified in its suggestion that it is not the human IQ percentage which eventually determines one’s triumph or failure. Thus, what the book and its author presented as components of success, such as the manifestations of emotional intelligence, are things which should not be out rightly disregarded. Goleman was able to support his emotional intelligence principle by providing studies which showed that people with high IQ percentages did not eventually succeed in life or attained any substantial achievements. Instead, the book succeeded in proving that even people with low IQ percentages succeed in the end precisely because they possess an impressively high level of emotional intelligence. Implications in Contemporary Education As previously stated, emotional intelligence is not an inherent ability. One way of emphasizing this idea is the effort made by the Goleman book that people can nurture such principle from the educational system. In fact, the author emphasized that it is critical that emotional intelligence is cultivated as children are introduced to formal learning until they reach their adulthood. This was made known by the book because of the apparent beneficial implications that emotional intelligence provide to people and the society in general. It is in this aspect that both educators and students benefit from reading the book primarily due to its main objective which is to impart the value and advantages of adhering to the nature of emotional intelligence. With learning institutions existing naturally wherein the students and the information derived from such field interact and are connected with each other, it is just practical that it is the proper venue where emotional intelligence may effectively manifest its value and usefulness. This is because it is in schools where students, while learning, are subjected to various incidents which test their respective emotional intelligence capabilities. Appropriate and acceptable responses to these situations are then considered to be as concrete manifestations of the power of emotional intelligence among students. The issue whether emotional intelligence fits the educational system is based according to the implications of the said philosophy to contemporary learning. Given the modern academic standard, it is logical to state that emotional intelligence directly affects how students are taught with various topics and that their specific responses to every situation depict how a high level of emotional intelligence really matter more as far as making decisions are required. While Goleman indicated that it is not totally easy to impart emotional intelligence in today’s school particularly to the level of young students, there are specific ways where the said ability can be used and eventually achieve its purpose of leading the young one into the eventuality of achieving success in the future. Through the guidance of the book and the suggestions offered by Goleman, the public was provided with the idea on how to have emotion-based incidents and emotional intelligence best suit the field of learning. Implications of incorporating emotional intelligence in educational programs are, in fact, existing and are proven in the formulation of curriculum in various learning facilities. Once the principle of emotional intelligence is imparted in education, students manifest self-awareness wherein they monitor and acknowledge their own emotions and they eventually are able to identify the link between ideas, emotions and responses. Additionally, the decision-making ability of students is enhanced by emotional intelligence because they are able to study their actions and the effects of the decision to a particular incident. Above all, emotional intelligence when put into the educational structure ultimately develop one’s overall personality as the students are able to manage their emotions, deal with stress, enhance interpersonal relationship and most importantly develop their individual accountability and ability to correctly resolve problems. Conclusion The principle of emotional intelligence is by itself can be considered as valuable in today’s education. Goleman and his book made it more clear, acceptable and beneficial to the public hence I personally like and commend it. Above all, the book succeeded in its main argument that emotional intelligence is definitely more important than IQ based from the advantageous implications it provided to today’s students. Beyond the controversy, the book ultimately served its very purpose of offering the students and educational system an alternative learning principle which is better or has more substance than what already exists. Reference Goleman, D. (1995). Emotional Intelligence: Why It Can Matter More Than IQ. New York, NY: Bantam.

Business Ethics Essay

INTRODUCTION There are decisions made every day in the business world, some big, some small. The biggest struggle professionals face when making these decisions are the ethical consequences they face. Every decision that is made is going to have an impact on at least one person, no matter the size of the decision. And there are ethical consequences to all decisions. In the following paper I will be comparing Maslow’s Stages of Behavior and Kohlberg’s Stages of Moral Development with ethical and unethical behaviors of businesses and society. Both Maslow and Kohlberg have established a hierarchy of either behavior or moral development. I will take both of these hierarchies and apply them to the behavior of business and society, as well as including service-to-self and service-to-others concepts. BACKGROUND (MASLOW & KOHLBERG) Before we can discuss how Malsow and Kohlberg play a role in ethical and unethical behaviors in business and society, it is necessary to understand the values of these theories, beginning with Maslow’s Stages of Behavior. Malsow presents these stages in a hierarchical format, beginning with the lowest order, up to the highest level. The first level is physiological needs, followed by safety, love/belonging, esteem, and finally reaching the highest level of self-actualization. 1 In this hierarchy the first level is usually achieved before reaching the second level, and this continues along the hierarchy. Therefore, the ultimate level of reaching self-actualization isn’t usually achieved until all lower levels have been reached and in a sense, conquered. Similar to this theory is Kohlberg’s stages of moral development. Kohlberg’s theory also states that the stages are reached in an order and one must be reached before the next, but can stop at any point, so that the highest level is not attainable by everyone. 2 Kohlberg’s stages of moral development consist of three levels and six stages. The first level is Pre-conventional morality (stages 1-2): Obedience and Punishment, Individualism and Exchange. The second level is Conventional morality (stages 3-4): Good Interpersonal Relationships, and Maintaining the Social Order. The third level is Post-conventional morality (stages 5-6): Social Contract and Individual rights, and Universal principles.3 FOCUS ON UPPER LEVELS For both Maslow and Kohlberg there is a heavy emphasis on reaching the final stage or level. Reaching the self-actualization stage of Maslow’s stages shows that one has fully developed behavior, and moral behavior. Reaching the final stage of universal principles of Kohlberg’s stages shows that one has fully developed morally, very similar to Maslow. For Maslow’s stages a person is capable of reaching this final stage and then regressing back to lower stages.4Usually reaching this higher stage is only temporary and is seen as peak experience.4 This could be in a sort of out of body experience. But once someone has reached this stage, it usually impacts them for the rest of their life, and they do not immediately go back down to lower levels. This stage could also be called, or is known as having integrity.5 This integrity is for oneself and for others, including â€Å"a total commitment to the highest standards of behavior†. 5 This is where ethical and moral reasoning and behavior comes into play. People who have reached or have experienced the highest level of Maslow are going to act morally and ethically in their behavior. The last stage of Kohlberg is universal principles. This stage â€Å"defines the principles by which we achieve justice†. 6 To me this stage entitles treating everyone with dignity. This reminds me of the integrity involved in the highest stage of Maslow. In this stage every human being is given equal respect and is treated with the highest dignity. People who have reached the highest stage of Maslow would not vote for a law or agree with anything that causes some harm to others while helping the majority.6 ETHICAL AND UNETHICAL BEHAVIOR Now that the theories and stages of Maslow and Kohlberg have been discussed, it is necessary to see how these stages play a part in making either ethical or unethical decisions in the workplace and in society. The first example to take a look at is the behavior of students cheating in school. This is a common example, but it could easily be applied to employees stealing from a company, or anyone taking shortcuts in life to get ahead. Many people would agree that cheating would correlate to students with less moral and ethical values. During a study by Kohlberg, it was seen that 70% of the students on the pre-conventional level have been found to cheat.7 The pre-conventional level indicates that people are not fully morally developed. These people seem to lack moral development, and therefore will act unethically. The people at these lower levels do not have the respect and dignity for others that the upper level people do. Because this is the case they are more willing to cheat, and don’t feel guilty for what they are doing. This can easily be transpired into the business world. People cheat and steal money because they have no respect or dignity for the people that they are affecting. They will not take into consideration all of the stakeholders at risk because of their actions. Take for example, Bernie Madoff and the scandal at Enron. This is a case famous across many business environments, for unethical behavior that caused harm to many stakeholders. No one would disagree that Madoff was a very savvy and smart business man. But, because of his actions he would fall into a lower level of Maslow. SERVICE TO SELF AND OTHERS People who have reached the highest level of Maslow (peakers, we will call them), and those who have achieved the highest level of development Kohlberg presents will have a service-to-others attitude. These people are less materialistic, and are more socially concerned.8 There seems to be a correlation between people in upper level Maslow who have higher levels of ethical development, and those who are in the upper stage of Kohlberg and have higher levels of moral development.8 This correlation also relates to how these people treat those who are around them. They are not self-centered and are instead focused on the well being of everyone around them. As mentioned before, they seem to be concerned with giving every human being the respect and dignity that they deserve. If someone is concerned with the way that they are treating others, this is seen as a moral consideration. And if they are concerned with how well they are treating themselves, it is seen as a non-moral consideration.8 So, those who are focused on service-to-others instead of service-to-self are more likely to belong to the higher levels of Maslow and Kohlberg. Those who are more concerned with themselves and have a service-to-self attitude; they are stuck in the lower levels. They are still trying to achieve the basic needs that Maslow sets out. HOW IT ALL FITS INTO AN ORGANIZATION The most difficult part about these two theories, are what they have to do with an organization, how employers can utilize this information to better motivate their employees, and people are going to treat themselves and others within the levels of Maslow and Kohlberg. One of the biggest examples of this, are how these theories can be incorporated into a non-profit organization. These organizations would be more known for their ethical behavior than most other companies. These companies can obtain an ethical culture by following and paying attention to the hierarchy of values that Maslow proposed.9 Maslow noted that in order to achieve the highest value the previous needs have to have been met. If a company takes this into consideration than they should make sure the lower needs of the employees are being met, if they expect them to behave ethically. This leads to an ethical culture. In the article that discusses this they translate the individual levels of Maslow into levels that an organization should achieve. These levels or needs are financial competence, accountability, reciprocity, respect, and integrity.9 They feel that in order to employees to attain the ethical values and culture that is wanted, the lower needs must first be met. This may include wage benefits and giving employees more responsibility to begin with. Eventually employees will feel a sense of respect from the employer and will work their way up to level 5. If all of the employees at this company are at the level 5, then they have an ethical culture. This is a way to apply the theories of Maslow and Kohlberg into an organization, even if is a for profit company, and achieve the ethical culture that is desired. CONCLUSION To sum up, Maslow and Kohlberg have developed a hierarchy of needs and stages of moral development, respectively. It is possible to use these models to understand the ethical and unethical behavior of people in businesses and in society. There is a focus on achieving self-actualization and universal principles. If someone has reached this level of self-actualization it transforms their identity, and they are more apt to act morally and ethically. In the same sense, those who are in the universal principle level of Kohlberg, treat all humans with the respect, integrity, and dignity that they deserve. The people in these upper levels are also known to have a service-to-others attitude, instead of service-to-others. Lastly, companies can use this information to make sure the basic needs of their employees are being met, in order to achieve an ethical corporate culture. ENDNOTES 1. SADRI, GOLNAZ, and R. CLARKE BOWEN. 2011. â€Å"Meeting EMPLOYEEE requirements: Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is still a reliable guide to motivating staff.† Industrial Engineer: IE 43, no. 10: 44-48. 2. Walker, Lawrence J. 1982. â€Å"The Sequentiality of Kohlberg’s Stages of Moral Development.† Child Development 53, no. 5: 1330-1336., 1330-1336. 3. W.C. Crain. (1985). Theories of Development. Prentice-Hall. 4. Christopher, John Chambers, Guy J. Manaster, Robert L. Campbell, and Michael B. Weinfeld. 2002. â€Å"Peak Experiences, Social Interest, and Moral Reasoning: An Exploratory Study.† Journal Of Individual Psychology 58, no. 1: 35 5. Strickland, Ruth Ann, and Shannon K. Vaughan. 2008. â€Å"The Hierarchy of Ethical Values in Nonprofit Organizations.† Public Integrity 10, no. 3: 233-235 6. W.C. Crain. (1985). Theories of Development. Prentice-Hall. 7. Emerci, Çetin. 2006. â€Å"THE OPINIONS OF MEDICINE FACULTY STUDENTS REGARDING CHEATING IN RELATION TO KOHLBERG’S MORAL DEVELOPMENT CONCEPT.† Social Behavior & Personality: An International Journal 34, no. 1: 41-49 8. Christopher, John Chambers, Guy J. Manaster, Robert L. Campbell, and Michael B. Weinfeld. 2002. â€Å"Peak Experiences, Social Interest, and Moral Reasoning: An Exploratory Study.† Journal Of Individual Psychology 58, no. 1: 35 9. Strickland, Ruth Ann, and Shannon K. Vaughan. 2008. â€Å"The Hierarchy of Ethical Values in Nonprofit Organizations.† Public Integrity 10, no. 3: 233-235

Problems With Drinking Water Supplies in Kenya Essay example

Water is a bare necessity both for the survival of an individual and a nation. Freshwater scarcity has become a global concern as the projected worldwide demand on water exceeds supplies. Less developed countries in particular are currently suffering from severe water shortages and water contamination. #8230;half the population of our civilized world suffers today with water services inferior to those of the ancient Greeks and Romans#8230;In many developing countries, cholera, dysentery, and other water related diseases are on the upswing. (Gleick,1999) Kenya, Africa is one such case. Kenyas population is approximately 105,000, with a high infant mortality rate and an average life expectancy of 58. Average water conditions†¦show more content†¦Most crops are harvested in poor soil and produce low yields, providing inadequate nutrition and food supplies. Poverty and poor education contribute to the problem. Farmers are in very disadvantageous economic conditions to impr ove their land or equipment. The people of Kenya prove to have very little education on hygiene, bacteria, or water born viruses. Government inefficiency is contributing to the problem. Although the Kenyan legislature has instituted the National Irrigation Board, the agency is weak and fails to effectively enforce regulations on consumption and pollution. It is estimated that 80% of current water abstractions have no permits and inspectors rarely monitor those that do. Also, Kenya is not a member of any convention that deals with waters shared across national boundaries. However, government efforts are currently being made to improve the situation in Kenya. The Lake Naivasha Riparian Owners Association is working on an environmental management plan. Steps have been taken to promote more advanced agricultural techniques such as intercropping and soil and water conservation. Proper uses of agrochemicals are being encouraged along with development of organic farms, which are less environmentally threatening. Outside agencies such as PLAN International are making huge progressive developments in Kenya. PLAN is working with issues of water shortages, poverty, and poor health by assisting communities financially andShow MoreRelatedComparing Different Ways of Supplying Water to Kenya1516 Words   |  7 Pagesdifferent ways to supply water in this region. At the end of the report, make a recommendation of the best method of water provision. 1. Introduction Water is one of the vital substances on earth and according to Kreger (2004)â€Å"Actually, only 1% of the worlds water is usable to us. About 97% is salty seawater, and 2% is frozen in glaciers and polar ice caps. Thus that 1% of the worlds water supply is a precious commodity necessary for our survival.† All humans on earth need water to survive. 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Selling and Sales Management Literature review Example

Essays on Selling and Sales Management Literature review The paper "Selling and Sales Management" is a good example of a literature review on marketing. Personal sales and making personal presentations are the most expensive and most important for a company’s sales and profits (Robert Ralph 1993). They require each person to be involved and trained on the company’s products as well as presentation skills. Any sales strategy must listen to and address the needs of the customer so that they can sell. It is no longer successful to sell through being pushy or making grandiose claims (RobertRalph1993). While talent and personality can be important factors making sales, they are not enough; selling requires a full understanding of a company’s products, services and how they can meet the needs of clients and customers.The task of selling is not an easy one. It becomes even harder as customers become more knowledgeable and informed and during decision making in buying decisions that require interaction at various levels of th e buying process. According to Robert Ralph (2008), a successful salesperson combines innate ability and acquired skills as customers appreciate a salesperson that is reliable, knowledgeable of the product and service as well as a credible salesperson. It is imperative for a salesperson to know that they are a personification of the company and they carry the company’s image.Salespersons use different tactics to sell their products. Some use the traditional hard sale tactics that often involves placing pressure on the customer to purchase a product through relentless convincing while some use the soft sale tactics that are guided by the philosophy of knowing the needs of the customers and satisfying them.Hard sale tactics have been used widely in boiler room scams. Boiler rooms describe the exploits of a pump-and-dump operation. Gabriel (2004, p.6) described pump-and-dump as the practice of buying low-priced shares of usually illegitimate companies. Salespeople then go ahead and apply high-pressure sales tactics to unload these worthless stocks on retire folks in Florida and farmers in Iowa (Gabriel 2004). As the shares price begins to go up, the unscrupulous broker then dumps the shares with higher prices to unsuspecting buyers. Boiler rooms are busy centers of activity usually selling questionable goods (Fater 2010). Fater (2010 p. 158) describes boiler rooms as a room where salespeople work using unfair, dishonest sales tactics sometimes selling penny stocks or committing outright stock fraud. The term carries a negative connotation and is used to imply high-pressure sales tactics (Fater 2010).The unscrupulous brokers use telemarketing operations usually broker firms that are legally licensed only that they exist on the wrong side of the business ethics divide. In Canada, a 1937 article entitled â€Å"swindlers on the rampage†; on the financial post cited â€Å"some of the high-pressure selling was being conducted from Toronto† and they capitalized on the mining industry boom.

The Death Of A Serial Killer - 1206 Words

A serial killer is a person who kills a number of people. They act in a series of 5 or more murders with a break period between each murder. Serial killers can go for months and years before they are usually caught. The victim is most likely the same for every killer- a prostitute or a hitchhiker -someone who, if they were to go missing would probably not be noticed (cite). Their victims may also have the same or similar attributes in gender, age, race or general look. Serial killers also stick by their modus operandi closely but may change it with when needed. Not surprisingly there also appears to be many theories and debates as to the cause of this destructive and heinous behavior. As with most mental illnesses there is a debate between†¦show more content†¦However, this would change as he would soon terrorize the state of New York. On March 25, 1980, A girl named of Donna Hensley got away from Stano and maher her way into a police station. She told the police that she was a prostitute, and had been confronted by some man requesting her. Once at the motel, she and the man began to argue, then the man pulled out a knife and proceeded to cut her. Hensley demanded that the man be found and charged. An officer investigating what happened was able to stop searching after matching a licence plate to a car that met a description. After running the plate the officer found that it was registered to a 28 year old man named Gerald Stano. At is this time, Stano had a long arrest record but no convictions. A positive identification was made from Stano’s mug shot, and so began an investigation into a series of brutal murders. On February 17, 1980, a pair of college students walked across the decomposing remains of a woman. Police started an investigation after it was determined to be a murder. The victim was a 20 year old named Mary Carol Maher, She was found in a remote area laying on her back. The police believed that after looking at the rate of decomposition that she had been there for at least two weeks. Her injuries consisted of multiple stab wounds to the back, legs and arms. During questioning about the assault

Legalization of Marijuana for Recreational Use-Free-Samples

Question: Discuss about the Legalization of Marijuana for Recreational Use. Answer: Marijuana or hemp is a plant that is believed to be one of the earliest plants to be cultivated. Recorded history reports its use for various purposes, ranging from its medicinal usage to use for making fabrics and ropes to recreational and spiritual uses among many cultures. The plant however began to be banned gradually and from 19th century onwards governments began to ban the plant owing to its recreational narcotic usage which hampered the functioning of its users. Marijuana and its use has been a point of contention in the modern medical world for a long time with a polarized view on the topic. Restrictions on research about Marijuana has deterred the progression of the debate. Nonetheless, Marijuana today is considered one of the safer drugs with a promising potential for medicinal use. However there still exists a debate on the matter in the scholarly sphere. Following much debate, the decriminalization of the drug was first initiated by the Dutch government which officially categorized it as a safer drug. California decriminalized Marijuana in 2001 and then Canada relaxed its regulatory law on Marijuana to legalize its use for medical purposes. Uruguay however became the first country to completely legalize Marijuana in 2013 and now Canada is seen to be gearing up to officially, completely legalize the drug as well as opposed to decriminalization. This had sparked controversy and debate in the public, political and medical spheres with majority voting for the move. The statement of thesis states that complete legalization of Marijuana is the correct move. This paper thus argues for the legalization of marijuana for recreational as well as medical and research purposes. The first point for the assertion takes into account the fact that Marijuana has been used for its medicinal properties by mankind for at least as long as recorded in history with large scale restrictions coming into the picture only in the last century or two due to those who may abuse it. Even so, harmful effects of Marijuana abuse pales in comparison some of the effects to even some prescribed drugs that exist in the market today such as Oxycodone. The death rate per 100,000 owing to legally available opioid poisoning was found to be 7.9 in 2016 in Canada, as per the Public Health Agency of Canada, as compared to cannabis which has no records of overdose in history whatsoever (Public Health Canada, 2018). Cannabis, in fact, has been stated to be useful for pain relief both by the ancient Chinese as well as in some contemporary medical reports (Brand Zhao, 2017). Regarding the prevalence of its abuse, Philippe Lucas, conducted a survey in 2013 and found that out of all the anonymo us respondents, 41% use cannabis as a substitute for alcohol, 36.1% substitute it for other illicit substances and 67.8% substitute is for prescription drugs. It was found by the Lucas that the three main reasons behind such preference of cannabis over these other substances of potential abuse were that withdrawal is less for cannabis, it has fewer side effects and it is easier for them to manage the symptoms. Therefore it was suggested that cannabis is a better alternative to these other substances health-wise.75.5% of the respondents had cited cannabis as a substitute for at least one substance of abuse (Lucas, 2013). Therefore recreational and medicinal use of cannabis would pose much less risks health wise than some of the already substances that are legally available as well as could decrease the markets of the more potentially harmful substances. Additionally, in comparison to other recreational substances such as tobacco and alcohol which are freely and legally available in t he market, which young people who are deemed a vulnerable group to cannabis, use much more than they use marijuana, marijuana proves to be much less physically damaging, mentally debilitating or lethal as per scientific studies. They argued that when such prohibitions are not placed on those substances then doing so for cannabis does not make sense (Crpault, Rehm Fischer, 2016). Spithoff, Emerson Spithoff (2015), in their peer reviewed article raised a very interesting point highlighting how the UN Drug Report in 2011,reported that . They emphasized how setting up a legal framework with focus on public health promotion and protection which comes with legalization aided governments to better control use and abuse of the recreational drug, pointing out that among the 180.6 million marijuana users, most of them resided in countries where the drug is illegal. Having said that, UNICEF in 2013 reported Canada as being the country with highest adolescents who use cannabis with 28% of the population falling into that category being a user. They pointed out that pre-existing regulations on Tobacco and Alcohol could prove to be valuable in the framing of such policies (Spithoff, Emerson Spithoff, 2015). Drawing on the fact that such a significant figure of users exist in these countries where the drug is actually illegal, it is well understood that such demand allow s the black market to thrive and this has in fact been pointed out as one of the major reasoning to support the legalization process of cannabis is Canada by the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH) in their proposed Cannabis Policy Framework(CPF) as the nation has been gearing up to push the legislation to legalize the plant for recreational use in addition to medicinal use as it had done back in 2001 (Crpault, Rehm Fischer, 2016). (Crpault, Rehm Fischer, 2016). Crpault, Rehm Fischer (2015) emphasized through their arguments that owing to prohibition, the harms caused by cannabis abuse actually expounds social and individual harm on top of the health risks it poses. Drawing upon the fact that despite prohibition of the substance, such a large user base has been detected in the country, with 14% of adults and 23% of high school students having had used cannabis in 2013 alone as per population surveys in Ontario it is argued that the current laws have failed to curb the problem and instead has failed to counter the black market, increasing influence of anti-social and criminal elements. Dealing with the cost of implementing prohibition and other related law enforcement procedures has been seen to be very costly with estimated cost including police intervention, judicial cost and correction being reported to be as high as $1.2 billion in 2002 alone (Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 2014). Therefore, a possible remedy in the form of decr iminalization that is prohibition with civil penalties instead of criminal ones, however might fail to regulate cannabis, rendering users unaware of potency or quality and deters healthcare and education personnel to effectively intervene and engage in prevention and treatment. Most importantly decriminalization, would naturally lead to commercialization but restrict the government from additional regulatory authority and defeating the purpose of the rationale to the approach altogether. Additionally, it has been inferred from the jurisdictions that have legislation decriminalizing recreational cannabis possession that corruption among law enforcement who take undue advantage of the law by convicting and arresting people in an unjustified manner, giving rise to the phenomenon of net widening. Moreover penalties in the form of heavy fines of $1000 that comes with being convicted of possession in Canada place burden on people who are from a low income background disproportionately and this could contribute to cases of secondary criminalization where by these people might be forced to commit other crimes to pay off the fine that has been imposed upon them. Compared to decriminalization, legalization would therefore eliminate more than $1 billion of expense on prohibition laws allowing the fund to be directed to other spheres of public development and the regulated commercialization could also work to increase the income of the country through taxation (Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 2014).It should also be considered that such taxation and price control measures could work to deter usage to some degree as well giving further leverage to the authorities. It is expected that in a jurisdiction where production and distribution is legal and aptly regulated, criminal involvement should decrease significantly. Despite the non-lethal nature of cannabis, there however do exist certain health concerns which could be categorized as chronic or acute that may affect the population with special concern being associated with developing mental faculties of adolescents and pregnant women as pointed out by many scholarly papers, Wayne Hall(2015) being notable among them. He has extensively discussed about the research done on the adverse effects of marijuana abuse in the last two decades. It is to be noted as per the author has pointed out that, cannabis based on dosage could impair reaction-time, processing powers as well as motor coordination among users and this has been found to increase risk of car crash while driving under influence to 2 to 3 times which is however much less than how alcohol affects people under influence. Even so, it has contributed to around 2.5% behind cause of traffic deaths on France. This rate has been found to increase when users also indulge in other substances along wi th cannabis as if often the case Adolescents in particular have actually been found to be especially vulnerable to the health implication of cannabis usage and therefore are strongly advised to keep away. It is already established that adolescents who are regular users have an association with those who have lower educational qualification that their peers who are not regular users. Dependence has also been found to be an issue with 1 out of 10 users reporting to have developed dependence syndrome and the odds seem to increase to 1 out of 6 among those who report to have begun using during adolescence. Even Netherlands have been found to have consistently reported a similar issue with dependence despite legislation of legalization and implementation regulatory policy, indicating that this particular concern could remain a problem despite CPFs recommendations .Adolescents being a major target group in Canada as users and adding to that the increased risks that is posed by cannabis us e does in fact put into question the prudence in removing prohibition. There has also found to be correlation between cannabis use and other mental disorders such as anxiety and depression, with regular use during adolescence doubling risk of being diagnosed with schizophrenia or other psychotic symptoms during adulthood Again, marijuana has been deemed as a gateway drug by some basing their claims upon the observation that marijuana users often have been seen to be more likely to use other more dangerous drugs. Additionally, acute users fall under risk of developing chronic bronchitis and those who are middle aged fall under risk of myocardial infraction (Hall, 2015). Kalant (2016), in response to the CPF expressed a number of points as critique, asserting that CPFs take on the matter lacks sufficient evidence and ignores certain considerations to arrive at the conclusions and recommendations that have been put forth. Kalant again points out the increased risks that legalization would expose the vulnerable group of adolescents and young adults and in addition points out that although legalization sounds promising, it is a flawed approach and that the cost of its application could might as well trump the promised potential benefits. Contrary to that, Kalant pointed out that certain surveys suggested that use may increase among adolescents and although the increase might be minimised it still cannot be definitively determined that others might not come under peer influence and the expectations for restriction might fall short. Additionally he pointed out that the social cost of prohibition is determined not by the law itself but by the manner of enforcement of the law and highlighted that out of 17641 arrested for possession in Canada , 8045 were ultimately let off without any charges whatsoever and only 890 were found to be charged. This he says suggests that perhaps a lax system of law enforcement could be responsible for the perceived failure on part of the law. He also pointed out states like Australia, Portugal and UK aside from Canada where the frequency of cases of marijuana abuse being diverted to the health care professionals have been increasing, suggesting that perhaps bringing in legalization is unnecessary. Another point to be considered that he highlighted is that price regulation and taxation brought about upon legalization may not be effective in deterring use by continuing to pushing low income users who cannot afford the elevated prices to illicit sources. Finally, countering Crpault, Rehm Fischer (2015) on their position on decriminalization as being a half measure as expounded by the Cannabis policy framework, he pointed out that states who have just decriminalized as opposed to legalization of cannabis have not seen any increase in usage and that states which have prohibited it to have depicted lower rates of abuse than other available drugs, it is argued that legalization might not be able to make a significant dent in usage after all. Furthermore, pointing out that legalization alone cannot address the health harms of cannabis and thus requires additional regulatory laws, he said that perhaps a decriminalization alternative with such additional laws could prove to be a safer bet. Adding to that is the fact that t. Instead, Kalant suggested that perhaps a policy which takes into account the morals and perceived hopes of society would be better suited to address this issue in particular. However, despite these concerns, as Fischer, Rehm Crpault (2016), in response to Kalants criticism, highlighted, that the argument that lack of complete evidence should deter legislation ought to consider the move as an opportunity to collect the relevant data and gauge the difference. The authors maintain that whatever leverage that legalization would offer far outweigh what decriminalization could. Rehm, Crpault Fischer (2017) in another paper had drawn particular attention to the fact that t They emphasized how important these regulations are and based on their research asserted that just as successful implementation could serve to be fruitful failure could lead to yet another situation like the US states which legalized the drug where they have found to have failed to generate positive results. The pros and cons are thus well established and a well-informed legislation that is being geared up on basis of such scientific queries and evidences could do well to set the premise for a most important social exercise that could set a new standard of administrative control. Kalants position on relying on the perceived broader ideals and hopes of society as a guideline to policy framing instead of that based on evidence which is no doubt indirect but incremental however betrays inherent bias and favouring status quo whereas opposing novel untested policy options. Risks are a natural part of scientific research and breakthrough of any sort and the authors thus assert that such logic would have prevented many landmark achievements in human society ranging from space travel and normalization of LGBT and abortion rights (Rehm, Crpault Fischer, 2016). Hence, agreeing to all these points, this paper puts forth legalisation as a much needed policy change and the best bet based on the available evidence. References Brand, E. J., Zhao, Z. (2017). Cannabis in Chinese medicine: are some traditional indications referenced in ancient literature related to cannabinoids?.Frontiers in pharmacology,8, 108. Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (2014). Cannabis policy framework. Retrieved https://www.camh.ca/en/hospital/about_camh/influencing_public_policy/Documents/CAMHCannabisPolicyFramework.pdf Crpault, J. F., Rehm, J., Fischer, B. (2015). The cannabis policy framework by the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health: A proposal for a public health approach to cannabis policy in Canada.International Journal of Drug Policy,34, 1-4. Fischer, B., Rehm, J., Crpault, J. F. (2016). Realistically furthering the goals of public health by cannabis legalization with strict regulation: Response to Kalant.International Journal of Drug Policy,34, 11-16. Hall, W. (2015). What has research over the past two decades revealed about the adverse health effects of recreational cannabis use?.Addiction,110(1), 19-35. Kalant, H. (2016). A critique of cannabis legalization proposals in Canada.International Journal of Drug Policy,34, 5-10. Lucas, P., Reiman, A., Earleywine, M., McGowan, S. K., Oleson, M., Coward, M. P., Thomas, B. (2013). Cannabis as a substitute for alcohol and other drugs: A dispensary-based survey of substitution effect in Canadian medical cannabis patients.Addiction Research Theory,21(5), 435-442. Public Health Canada. (2018).National report: Apparent opioid-related deaths in Canada (December 2017) - Canada.ca.Canada.ca. Retrieved 30 March 2018, from https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/publications/healthy-living/apparent-opioid-related-deaths-report-2016-2017-december.html Rehm, J., Crpault, J. F., Fischer, B. (2017). The devil is in the details! On regulating cannabis use in Canada based on public health criteria: comment on" legalizing and regulating marijuana in Canada: Review of potential economic, social, and health impacts".International journal of health policy and management,6(3), 173. Spithoff, S., Emerson, B., Spithoff, A. (2015). Cannabis legalization: adhering to public health best practice.Canadian Medical Association Journal,187(16), 1211-1216. Public Health Canada. (2018). National report: Apparent opioid-related deaths in Brand, E. J., Zhao, Z. (2017). Cannabis in Chinese medicine: are some traditional indications referenced in ancient literature related to cannabinoids?.Frontiers in pharmacology,8, 108. Lucas, P., Reiman, A., Earleywine, M., McGowan, S. K., Oleson, M., Coward, M. P., Thomas, B. (2013). Cannabis as a substitute for alcohol and other drugs: A dispensary-based survey of substitution effect in Canadian medical cannabis patients.Addiction Research Theory,21(5), 435-442. Fischer, B., Rehm, J., Crpault, J. F. (2016). Realistically furthering the goals of public health by cannabis legalization with strict regulation: Response to Kalant.International Journal of Drug Policy,34, 11-16. Spithoff, S., Emerson, B., Spithoff, A. (2015). Cannabis legalization: adhering to public health best practice.Canadian Medical Association Journal,187(16), 1211-1216. Spithoff, S., Emerson, B., Spithoff, A. (2015). Cannabis legalization: adhering to public health best practice.Canadian Medical Association Journal,187(16), 1211-1216. Fischer, B., Rehm, J., Crpault, J. F. (2016). Realistically furthering the goals of public health by cannabis legalization with strict regulation: Response to Kalant.International Journal of Drug Policy,34, 11-16. Fischer, B., Rehm, J., Crpault, J. F. (2016). Realistically furthering the goals of public health by cannabis legalization with strict regulation: Response to Kalant.International Journal of Drug Policy,34, 11-16. Fischer, B., Rehm, J., Crpault, J. F. (2016). Realistically furthering the goals of public health by cannabis legalization with strict regulation: Response to Kalant.International Journal of Drug Policy,34, 11-16. Crpault, J. F., Rehm, J., Fischer, B. (2015). The cannabis policy framework by the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health: A proposal for a public health approach to cannabis policy in Canada.International Journal of Drug Policy,34, 1-4.under cannabis and harm Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (2014). Cannabis policy framework. Retrieved From https://www.camh.ca/en/hospital/about_camh/influencing_public_policy/ Documents/CAMHCannabisPolicyFramework.pdf Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (2014). Cannabis policy framework. Retrieved From https://www.camh.ca/en/hospital/about_camh/influencing_public_policy/ Documents/CAMHCannabisPolicyFramework.pdf Hall, W. (2015). What has research over the past two decades revealed about the adverse health effects of recreational cannabis use?.Addiction,110(1), 19-35. Hall, W. (2015). What has research over the past two decades revealed about the adverse health effects of recreational cannabis use?.Addiction,110(1), 19-35. Hall, W. (2015). What has research over the past two decades revealed about the adverse health effects of recreational cannabis use?.Addiction,110(1), 19-35. Hall, W. (2015). What has research over the past two decades revealed about the adverse health effects of recreational cannabis use?.Addiction,110(1), 19-35. Hall, W. (2015). What has research over the past two decades revealed about the adverse health effects of recreational cannabis use?.Addiction,110(1), 19-35. Hall, W. (2015). What has research over the past two decades revealed about the adverse health effects of recreational cannabis use?.Addiction,110(1), 19-35. Hall, W. (2015). What has research over the past two decades revealed about the adverse health effects of recreational cannabis use?.Addiction,110(1), 19-35. Kalant, H. (2016). A critique of cannabis legalization proposals in Canada.International Journal of Drug Policy,34, 5-10. Kalant, H. (2016). A critique of cannabis legalization proposals in Canada.International Journal of Drug Policy,34, 5-10. Page 8, Under Would legalization of cannabis, combined with regulation,significantly reduce the illicit market and its associated dangers? and page 7, Under Are adolescents and young adults especially vulnerable to the adverse effects of cannabis on health and wellbeing? Kalant, H. (2016). A critique of cannabis legalization proposals in Canada.International Journal of Drug Policy,34, 5-10. Kalant, H. (2016). A critique of cannabis legalization proposals in Canada.International Journal of Drug Policy,34, 5-10. Page 6, under Does cannabis prohibition impose serious personal harms on society that would be removed by legalization?, paragraph 3 Kalant, H. (2016). A critique of cannabis legalization proposals in Canada.International Journal of Drug Policy,34, 5-10. Page 8, under Would legalization of cannabis, combined with regulation, significantly reduce the illicit market and its associated dangers?, paragraph 3 Kalant, H.2016). A critique of cannabis legalization proposals in Canada.International Journal of Drug Policy,34, 5-10. Kalant, H. (2016). A critique of cannabis legalization proposals in Canada.International Journal of Drug Policy,34, 5-10. Kalant, H. (2016). A critique of cannabis legalization proposals in Canada.International Journal of Drug Policy,34, 5-10. Fischer, B., Rehm, J., Crpault, J. F. (2016). Realistically furthering the goals of public health by cannabis legalization with strict regulation: Response to Kalant.International Journal of Drug Policy,34, 11-16. Fischer, B., Rehm, J., Crpault, J. F. (2016). Realistically furthering the goals of public health by cannabis legalization with strict regulation: Response to Kalant.International Journal of Drug Policy,34, 11-16. Rehm, J., Crpault, J. F., Fischer, B. (2017). The devil is in the details! On regulating cannabis use in Canada based on public health criteria: comment on" legalizing and regulating marijuana in Canada: Review of potential economic, social, and health impacts".International journal of health policy and management,6(3), 173. Page 174, under Cannabis-Related Health Harms and Policy Fischer, B., Rehm, J., Crpault, J. F. (2016). Realistically furthering the goals of public health by cannabis legalization with strict regulation: Response to Kalant.International Journal of Drug Policy,34, 11-16. Fischer, B., Rehm, J., Crpault, J. F. (2016). Realistically furthering the goals of public health by cannabis legalization with strict regulation: Response to Kalant.International Journal of Drug Policy,34, 11-16.

Zombie Apocalypse Outline free essay sample

A. Christina and Kondo had arrived to Kuwait’s international airport and we were on our way to 360 mall to have lunch B. Mahmood Sultan, a crazy teen from Lebanon and a victim of social networks. Mustafa al Ghanim, an average Kuwaiti teen, very pious and old fashioned, enjoys a nice laugh with good friends. Ahmed al Massaed is a very weird in a good way – Kuwaiti teen, strongly devoted to God. Christina Eliopolis is a Colonel and a pilot from Tennessee. Kondo Tatsumi is a Japanese Samurai. C. We will survive â€Å"The Great Panic† for one month by getting supplies from Geant, use 360’s food court; Kondo Tatsumi with the help of Colonel Christina will put a strategy plan of survival. II. Overarching Strategy D. Just like with the Redecker plan, we will be sacrificing kids while we remain in an easily guarded mall with few points of entrance for the undead. We will write a custom essay sample on Zombie Apocalypse Outline or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page E. We will be eating lunch when we hear people yelling, we look at the ground floor and we see a zombie attack, we directly start thinking of a plan. We directly thought of Geant the supermarket, but there is no way down until Mustafa thought of the elevator so we all ran to the elevator except for Kondo who will go and search for the emergency engine and he will follow us. We arrive to Geant and apparently the zombies had not discovered it yet. Geant had huge metal gates that would close the whole market from the ceiling to the ground; we searched for the control room and closed it even though a lot of people were thereWe expect to be kept relatively safe here with ample food rations until a time when we need to actively fight against the undead. F. Find anything that we can use to defend ourselves or attack with in Geant that could be helpful for us, we will use the empty fridges, the closets, and the vents as our places to hide. Anything that has a scent will be used to distract the zombies from our smell. G. We will be using the rooftop as our main defense and while we run we will be using trapped civilians to buy us more time. III. Security H. Christina’s strengths are her connections to the American military Base and her aviation skills 1. Hey, I’m not minimizing our risks at all. Every day we had to fly over hundreds, if not thousands of enemy territory† (Brooks 171). 2. This shows her wealth of experience of aviation and zombies. I. Her weakness is temper. 3. â€Å"As much a legend for her temper as for her outstanding war record†¦Ã¢â‚¬  4. She is famous for not being able to manage her anger. 5. She can help us by talking to her friends in the American base in Kuwait to pick us up at the end A. Tatsumi’s strength is his experience in fighting zombies alone. 1. Tomonga says, â€Å"I told him that we might be facing 50 million monsters, but those monsters would be facing the gods† (Brooks 227). 2. He’s considered a god of fighting. B. His weakness is that he can easily get off task 1. â€Å"My mind was barely functional at that point. If even the first part of the plan had worked and I did manage to make it to the ground in that state†¦Ã¢â‚¬  2. Dreamer at times, becomes distracted from larger goal, hurts group as a whole. 3. Provides security. He will protect us as he goes off on his own away from the group C. Concluding Statement: We were lucky enough to have two very levelheaded and strong companions here in 360. D. As Tatsumi is used to fending for himself, he won’t be a burden. IV. Human Needs J. Geant supplies of fresh and processed food, food court, water, panadol, rooftop, broomsticks, kitchen knives, nails etc. K. Emergency generators, we will be throwing waste of the rooftop. v. Visual Aid A. Our visual aids are images of 360 Mall that will show the areas in which we will find our supplies, blueprints of the mall to devise strategies, and the locations of our resources and security devices. . Pictures that correspond with each point in time to give the audience an idea of how the plan will work. B. It illustrates where and how we’ll survive VI. Conclusion A. We will survive by using resources from the mall, following the Redecker plan, and with the help of the Samurai’s and Colonel’s strategy, skills, and experience. B. Using two experienced zombie kill ers, a naturally fortified building, and a business full of necessary resources, we will easily be able to last one month until Christina’s friend from the American base comes and helps us.